Clinic Days :
- Monday, Wednesday, Friday (9:00 AM – 4:00 PM) (Only by Prior Appointment)
Registration :
- Retina OPD Registration: Monday, Wednesday, Friday (9:00 AM – 12:00 PM)
Available Diagnostics and Treatments :
Retina Services
- Macula OCT - Click Here
Macula OCT
Macula OCT, short for macular optical coherence tomography, is a painless imaging test that uses light waves to capture detailed cross-sectional images of the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision
“Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an imaging method used to generate a picture of the back of the eye, called the retina. OCT uses light waves to take cross-section pictures of your retina. The OCT is an excellent way to visualize the different layers of the retina and optic nerve in the eye. OCT is routinely used during check-up of patients with glaucoma.”
Here’s how a Macula OCT works:
- A low-power light beam is directed towards the eye.
- The reflected light is then captured by the device and used to create a high-resolution image of the retina’s layers.
- The entire process is quick and usually takes less than 10 minutes.
- The resulting macular OCT image provides a magnified view of the retina’s various layers, allowing ophthalmologists to assess their thickness and identify any abnormalities.
This information is crucial in diagnosing and monitoring various retinal diseases that can affect the macula, such as:
- Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Macular edema (swelling of the macula)
- Macular holes
- Epiretinal membranes
Early detection and management of these conditions are essential to prevent vision loss.
Macula OCT plays a vital role in achieving this by providing ophthalmologists with a valuable tool for early diagnosis and monitoring treatment progress
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- Slit Lamp - Click Here
Slit Lamp
“The binocular slit-lamp examination provides a stereoscopic magnified view of the eye structures in detail, enabling anatomical diagnoses to be made for a variety of eye conditions. A second, hand-held lens is used to examine the retina. A slit-lamp exam is usually done during a regular checkup with your eye doctor before the cataract surgery procedure.”
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- AT Tonometer - Click Here
AT Tonometer
“TAT Tonometer is used to perform Tonometry. Tonometry is a quick and simple test that checks the pressure inside your eyes. The results can help your doctor see if you’re at risk for glaucoma. The pressure inside your eye is called intraocular pressure (IOP).”
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- B Scan - Click Here
B Scan
Ocular sonography, also known as ophthalmic ultrasound or B-scan ultrasonography, is a diagnostic imaging technique that utilizes high-frequency sound waves to examine the internal structures of the eye.
“B-scan Ultrasonography, often called just B-scan or Brightness scan, offers two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the eye as well as the orbit. This type of diagnostic tool is most helpful when there is difficulty examining the eye normally.”
Technology:
It uses a handheld probe placed on the closed eyelid. This probe transmits high-frequency sound waves that travel through the eye tissues.
Echoes and Image Formation:
These sound waves bounce off different structures within the eye, and the echoes are picked up by the probe. The strength of the echoes depends on the density of the tissue they encounter..
Creating the Image:
The echoes are then translated into a two-dimensional cross-sectional image on a screen by the ultrasound machine. Denser structures, like the sclera, appear brighter due to stronger echoes, while fluids, like the vitreous humor, appear darker because they reflect less sound.
Benefits of Ocular Sonography:
1. Non-invasive and painless:
Unlike some other diagnostic procedures, ocular sonography is a safe and comfortable test..
2. Penetrates Opaque Media:
Sound waves can pass through cloudy fluids in the eye, such as cataracts or vitreous hemorrhage, which can block a clear view during a regular eye exam. This allows visualization of the structures behind the opacity.
Detailed Information:
The sonography image provides valuable details about the size, shape, and location of various structures within the eye.This information is crucial for diagnosing conditions like:
Retinal detachment exclamation
Tumors
Foreign objects lodged in the eye.
Vitreous abnormalities
Limitations of B-scan:
1. Limited resolution:
While B-scan provides a good overall picture of the eye’s internal structures, it doesn’t offer the same level of detail as some other imaging tests like optical coherence tomography (OCT).
2. Not a functional test: B-scan primarily assesses the eye’s anatomy. It doesn’t directly evaluate the functionality of the retina or other structures.
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- Direct Ophthalmoscope - Click Here
Direct Ophthalmoscope
“The Direct Ophthalmoscope helps the doctor to look into the back of the eye to look at the health of the retina, optic nerve, and blood vessels. This exam produces a clear image of approximately 15 times magnification. In clinical practice, specular microscopy is a very accurate way to examine the corneal endothelium. The doctor may do this test if you are a patient suffering from retinal disorder.”
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- Indirect Ophthalmoscope - Click Here
Indirect Ophthalmoscope
“The Indirect Ophthalmoscope is an optical instrument worn on the doctor’s head, and sometimes attached to spectacles, that is used to inspect the back of the eye. Indirect Opthalmoscopy is the most important technique used by doctors, helping them to view desired portions of a patient’s retina. This test is especially important in the treatment of retina.”
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- Ishihara Colour Test - Click Here
Ishihara Colour Test
“A color vision test, also known as the Ishihara colour test, measures your ability to tell the difference among colours. If you don’t pass this test, you may have poor colour vision, or your doctor may tell you that you’re colour blind. You may have to face this test during your check-up with the doctor if you are suffering from retinal disorder.”
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- NC Tonometer - Click Here
NC Tonometer
“NC Tonometer is used to perform Tonometry. Tonometry is a quick and simple test that checks the pressure inside your eyes. The results can help your doctor see if you are at risk for glaucoma. The pressure inside your eye is called intraocular pressure (IOP).”
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- FFA (Fundus Fluorescein Angiography) - Click Here
FFA (Fundus Fluorescein Angiography)
FFA stands for Fluorescein Angiography. It’s a diagnostic imaging test used in ophthalmology to examine the blood flow in the retina and choroid, the two layers at the back of the eye responsible for vision.
Here’s a breakdown of FFA:
1.Procedure:
A dye called fluorescein is injected into a vein in your arm.
2.Tracking the Dye:
The dye travels through your bloodstream and reaches the blood vessels in your retina and choroid.
3.Imaging:
A special camera takes pictures of your eye as the dye circulates. These pictures capture how quickly the dye fills and leaks from the blood vessels.
Here’s a breakdown of FFA:
1.Procedure:
A dye called fluorescein is injected into a vein in your arm.
2.Tracking the Dye:
The dye travels through your bloodstream and reaches the blood vessels in your retina and choroid.
3.Imaging:
A special camera takes pictures of your eye as the dye circulates. These pictures capture how quickly the dye fills and leaks from the blood vessels.
Benefits of FFA:
Detailed Information:
- Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Macular edema (swelling of the macula)
- Retinal vein occlusion
- Inflammatory eye diseases
- Tumors
What to Expect During an FFA:
1.Preparation:
You may need to avoid wearing eye makeup or contact lenses before the test.
2.The Procedure:
The doctor will inject the fluorescein dye into your arm. You may feel a slight burning sensation at the injection site. The doctor will then take pictures of your eye using a special camera with a bright light source. The entire procedure typically takes about 15-30 minutes.
3.After the Test:
The fluorescein dye may make your vision slightly yellow for a short time. This is a normal side effect and usually goes away within a few hours. You can drink plenty of fluids to help flush the dye out of your system.
Limitations of FFA:
1. Invasive procedure:
Compared to some other imaging tests, FFA is a slightly more invasive procedure that involves an injection.
2.Potential side effects:
While uncommon, some people may experience mild allergic reactions to the dye.
3.Not a standalone test:
FFA is often used in conjunction with other eye tests to provide a more comprehensive picture of your eye health.
Overall, FFA is a valuable diagnostic tool that helps ophthalmologists diagnose and monitor various retinal conditions by providing detailed information about the blood flow patterns in the eye
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- PRP LASER - Click Here
PRP LASER
PRP Laser, also known as Panretinal Photocoagulation (PRP), is a laser treatment used in ophthalmology to treat diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes that can lead to vision loss.
1.Laser Beam:
A focused beam of laser light, typically from an argon laser, is directed at specific areas of the retina.
2.Targeting Blood Vessels:
The laser light targets abnormal blood vessels that grow on the surface of the retina in diabetic retinopathy.
3.Effect on Blood Vessels:
The laser light heats and seals these abnormal blood vessels, preventing them from leaking fluid or blood and causing further damage to the retina.
1.Laser Beam:
A focused beam of laser light, typically from an argon laser, is directed at specific areas of the retina.
2.Targeting Blood Vessels:
The laser light targets abnormal blood vessels that grow on the surface of the retina in diabetic retinopathy.
3.Effect on Blood Vessels:
The laser light heats and seals these abnormal blood vessels, preventing them from leaking fluid or blood and causing further damage to the retina.
Benefits of PRP Laser:
1.Prevents Vision Loss:
By stopping abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage, PRP laser can significantly reduce the risk of vision loss in patients with diabetic retinopathy.
2.Outpatient Procedure:
PRP laser is typically performed on an outpatient basis, meaning you won’t need to stay overnight in a hospital.
3.Minimally Invasive:
Compared to traditional surgical approaches, PRP laser is a minimally invasive procedure with a faster recovery time.
Benefits of PRP Laser:
1.Prevents Vision Loss:
By stopping abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage, PRP laser can significantly reduce the risk of vision loss in patients with diabetic retinopathy.
2.Outpatient Procedure:
PRP laser is typically performed on an outpatient basis, meaning you won’t need to stay overnight in a hospital.
Minimally Invasive:
Compared to traditional surgical approaches, PRP laser is a minimally invasive procedure with a faster recovery time.
Who Might Need PRP Laser?
Individuals with diabetic retinopathy, especially those with:
1.Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR):
This stage is characterized by abnormal new blood vessel growth on the retina’s surface.
2.Severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR):
This stage involves damage to the retina’s blood vessels, such as leaking or microaneurysms (tiny bulges).
What to Expect During PRP Laser:
1.Preparation:
Your pupils may be dilated with eye drops to allow better visualization of the retina. You may also receive topical anesthetic eye drops to numb the eye’s surface.
2.The Procedure:
The doctor will use a special instrument to position your eye and direct the laser beam onto the targeted areas of the retina. The laser treatment itself usually takes about 15-30 minutes per eye. You might see brief flashes of light during the procedure.
3.After the Procedure:
Your vision may be blurry for a short time after the procedure. You may also experience some discomfort or watering of the eye. These side effects typically subside within a few hours. It’s important to follow your doctor’s instructions regarding post-treatment care and follow-up appointments.
Limitations of PRP Laser:
1.Doesn’t Restore Vision Loss:
PRP laser is primarily used to prevent further vision loss. It cannot restore vision that has already been lost due to diabetic retinopathy.
Multiple Sessions Might Be Needed: Depending on the severity of diabetic retinopathy, multiple PRP laser sessions may be required.
2.Potential Side Effects:
While uncommon, potential side effects of PRP laser include temporary blurry vision, discomfort, and rarely, bleeding in the eye.
Overall, PRP laser is a valuable tool for managing diabetic retinopathy and preventing vision loss. If you have diabetes, it’s crucial to get regular eye exams to detect and treat diabetic retinopathy early.
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- Barrage Laser - Click Here
Barrage Laser
A barrage laser is a type of argon laser used in ophthalmology to strengthen weak areas of the retina. This is done as a preventive treatment for conditions such as retinal detachment. It may also help treat retinal tears found during a regular eye examination.
- The doctor will first numb your eye with anesthetic eye drops.
- They may also place a special contact lens on your eye to help focus the laser beam.
- The doctor will then use the laser to create tiny burns around the weak areas of your retina. These burns create scar tissue, which helps to strengthen the retina and prevent tears or detachments.
- The Barrage laser procedure is usually performed on an outpatient basis, which means you won’t need to stay in the hospital overnight. The procedure itself typically takes about 15 to 30 minutes to complete.
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Surgical Procedures:
- Retinal Detachment Surgery - Click Here
Retinal Detachment Surgery
Retinal Detachment Surgery: Repairing a Detached Retina
- Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition where the neurosensory layer (retina) at the back of the eye separates from the underlying layer of supportive tissue (pigmented epithelium). This separation disrupts the transmission of light signals to the brain, leading to vision loss.
- Retinal detachment surgery aims to reattach the retina to the underlying tissue and restore vision. Here’s a breakdown of the procedure:
Types of Retinal Detachment Surgery:
There are three main types of retinal detachment surgery, chosen based on the severity and location of the detachment:
1.Pneumatic Retinopexy:
This outpatient procedure involves injecting a gas bubble into the vitreous cavity (the jelly-like substance in the center of the eye). The gas bubble rises and pushes the detached retina back against the wall of the eye. The surgeon may also use laser treatment to create small scars around the tear, helping the retina stay in place.
2.Scleral Buckle:
This inpatient procedure involves placing a silicone band (buckle) sewn onto the sclera (the white outer layer of the eye). The buckle creates an inward indentation, pushing the wall of the eye closer to the detached retina. The surgeon then uses laser or freezing treatment to create scar tissue around the tear, sealing the retina to the underlying tissue.
3.Vitrectomy:
This more complex procedure involves removing some of the vitreous humor through small incisions in the sclera. The surgeon can then use various techniques to reattach the retina, such as using lasers, forceps, or internal tamponade (filling the vitreous cavity with gas or oil).
What to Expect During Retinal Detachment Surgery:
Pre-operative consultation: Your doctor will discuss the surgery details, risks, and recovery process.
1.Anesthesia:
Depending on the procedure, you may receive general anesthesia (you’ll be asleep) or local anesthesia with sedation (you’ll be awake but relaxed).
2.The surgical procedure:
The specific steps will vary depending on the chosen technique. Generally, the surgeon will create small incisions in the sclera and use specialized tools to perform the repair.
3.Post-operative care:
After surgery, you’ll need to rest and avoid strenuous activities for a certain period. Your doctor will provide specific instructions regarding eye drops, medications, and follow-up appointments.
4.Recovery from Retinal Detachment Surgery:
Recovery time varies depending on the type of surgery and the severity of the detachment.
You may experience blurry vision or a feeling of floaters (seeing things floating in your vision) initially.
It’s crucial to follow your doctor’s instructions regarding post-operative care to optimize healing and vision improvement.
Success Rates:
The success rate of retinal detachment surgery depends on various factors like the extent and location of the detachment, the presence of other eye problems, and how quickly treatment is received.
Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for achieving the best outcomes.
Importance of Early Diagnosis:
If you experience any sudden vision changes, flashes of light, or a curtain-like shadow in your vision, consult your ophthalmologist immediately.
Early detection and treatment of retinal detachment significantly increase the chances of a successful surgery and vision preservation.
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- Macular Hole Surgery- Click Here
Macular Hole Surgery
If a macular hole is affecting your vision, you’ll probably need a type of surgery called vitrectomy to fix the hole and prevent permanent vision loss. During a vitrectomy, the doctor removes the vitreous and some tissues on the surface of the macula and injects a gas bubble into your eye.
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- SFIOL Surgery - Click Here
SFIOL Surgery (Staphylomatous Foldable Intraocular Lens)
SFIOL surgery, also known as Staphylomatous Foldable Intraocular Lens implantation, is a surgical procedure used to treat a complex eye condition called a staphyloma.
Here’s a breakdown of this surgery:
What is a Staphyloma?
A staphyloma is an abnormal bulge in the sclera (the white outer layer of the eye) caused by a weakness in the scleral wall. This bulge can occur at the front of the eye (corneal staphyloma) or the back of the eye (posterior staphyloma). Staphylomas are most commonly associated with a condition called myopia (nearsightedness).
How Does SFIOL Surgery Work?
SFIOL surgery involves implanting a special type of intraocular lens (IOL) called a staphylomatous foldable IOL.
Here’s a breakdown of the steps:
1.Anesthesia:
You may receive general anesthesia (you’ll be asleep) or local anesthesia with sedation (you’ll be awake but relaxed).
2.Corneal Incision:
The surgeon makes a small incision in the cornea (the clear front part of the eye).
3.Addressing the Staphyloma:
The surgeon carefully removes or reshapes the staphyloma, depending on its severity.
4.Implanting the SFIOL:
A special foldable IOL is inserted into the eye through the corneal incision. This IOL is designed to accommodate the irregular shape of the staphyloma and restore the eye’s focusing power.
5.Lens Unfolding:
Once inside the eye, the IOL unfolds and takes its permanent shape.
6.Wound Closure:
The corneal incision is then carefully closed with sutures or stitches.
Benefits of SFIOL Surgery:
1.Improved Vision:
By correcting the shape of the cornea and replacing the natural lens (if necessary), SFIOL surgery can significantly improve vision in patients with staphyloma.
2..Reduced Bulging:
The surgery helps reduce the abnormal bulge caused by the staphyloma, improving the cosmetic appearance of the eye.
3.Preserves the Sclera:
Unlike some other procedures for staphyloma, SFIOL surgery aims to preserve the scleral tissue whenever possible.
Who Might Need SFIOL Surgery?
SFIOL surgery may be recommended for individuals with a staphyloma who are experiencing:
- Significant vision loss
- Rapid progression of the staphyloma
- Cosmetic concerns about the eye’s appearance
1.Considerations Before SFIOL Surgery:
SFIOL surgery is a complex procedure and may not be suitable for everyone.
Your ophthalmologist will discuss the risks and benefits of surgery in detail during a consultation.
Other factors like the severity of the staphyloma and overall eye health will be considered.
2.Recovery from SFIOL Surgery:
Recovery time after SFIOL surgery can vary depending on individual factors.
You may experience blurry vision initially, but it should gradually improve over a few weeks or months.
It’s crucial to follow your doctor’s instructions regarding eye drops, medications, wearing an eye shield, and attending follow-up appointments.
Overall, SFIOL surgery is a valuable option for patients with staphyloma who are experiencing vision problems or cosmetic concerns. If you have been diagnosed with a staphyloma, consult your ophthalmologist to discuss if SFIOL surgery might be right for you.
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- Intravitreal Injections for Wet AMD- Click Here
Intravitreal Injections for Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Intravitreal injections are a minimally invasive treatment option for wet age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD), a leading cause of vision loss in adults. Here’s a detailed explanation:
What is Wet AMD?
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has two main forms: dry AMD and wet AMD. Wet AMD is characterized by the abnormal growth of blood vessels behind the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. These abnormal blood vessels can leak fluid and blood, damaging the macula and causing rapid vision loss.
How do Intravitreal Injections Work?
Intravitreal injections involve injecting medication directly into the vitreous humor, the jelly-like substance in the center of the eye. The medication used targets a protein called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a key role in the growth of abnormal blood vessels in wet AMD.
Types of Medications Used:
There are several medications available for intravitreal injections in wet AMD:
1.Anti-VEGF agents:
These are the most common type of medication used. They block the action of VEGF, preventing the growth of new abnormal blood vessels and reducing leakage from existing ones. Examples include Aflibercept, Ranibizumab, and Brolucizumab.
2.Corticosteroids:
In some cases, corticosteroids may be used in combination with anti-VEGF agents to reduce inflammation associated with wet AMD.
The Injection Procedure:
- The procedure is typically performed in an outpatient setting.
- Numbing eye drops are used to anesthetize the eye’s surface.
- A thin needle is inserted through the white part of the eye (sclera) to deliver the medication into the vitreous cavity.
- The entire procedure is usually quick, taking about 15-30 minutes.
Benefits of Intravitreal Injections:
1.Preserves Vision:
Intravitreal injections can significantly slow down or prevent vision loss in patients with wet AMD.
2.Improved Vision:
In some cases, these injections can even lead to improved vision.
3.Minimally Invasive:
Compared to traditional surgical procedures, intravitreal injections are minimally invasive and have a faster recovery time.
Who Might Need Intravitreal Injections?
Intravitreal injections may be recommended for individuals with wet AMD who are experiencing:
1.Vision loss:
Blurry vision, distorted vision, or difficulty seeing fine details.
2.Rapid vision changes:
Sudden worsening of vision within a short period.
3.Macular edema:
Fluid buildup in the macula, further compromising vision.
Frequency of Injections:
The frequency of intravitreal injections can vary depending on the individual and their response to treatment. Initially, injections may be needed more frequently, but as the condition stabilizes, the interval between injections may be extended.
Potential Side Effects:
While generally safe, intravitreal injections can have some potential side effects, such as:
- Eye pain or discomfort
- Floaters (seeing things floating in your vision)
- Increased eye pressure
- Infection (rare)
Importance of Regular Follow-Up:
Regular follow-up appointments with your ophthalmologist are crucial after starting intravitreal injections. This allows your doctor to monitor your vision, assess the response to treatment, and adjust the treatment plan as needed.
Overall, intravitreal injections are a valuable tool for managing wet AMD and preventing vision loss. If you have been diagnosed with wet AMD, discuss this treatment option with your ophthalmologist to determine if it’s right for you.
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